Citations for A4: Scarcity Zero Cost Estimate

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  1. Energy Information Administration. “Sales of Electricity to Ultimate Customers – total by end-use sector, 2005-2015.” https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/html/epa_02_05.html
     
  2. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. “U.S. Solar Photovoltaic System Cost Benchmark: QA, 2018.” R. Fu, D. Feldman, R. Margolis. https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy19osti/72399.pdf
     
  3. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. “Report Confirms Wind Technology Advancements Continue to Drive Down Wind Energy Prices.” J. Chao. 23 August, 2018.  https://newscenter.lbl.gov/2018/08/23/report-confirms-wind-technology-advancements-continue-to-drive-down-wind-energy-prices/
     
  4. Energy Information Administration. Table 6.07.B. Capacity Factors for Utility Scale Generators Primarily Using Non-Fossil Fuels. August, 2019. https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.php?t=epmt_6_07_b
     
  5. Hargreaves, Robert, PhD. “THORIUM: Energy Cheaper than Coal.” July 25, 2012. pp 220
     
  6. Energy Information Administration. Table 6.07.B. Capacity Factors for Utility Scale Generators Primarily Using Non-Fossil Fuels. August, 2019. https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.php?t=epmt_6_07_b
     
  7. Oil & Gas Journal. “Crude Oil Pipeline Growth, Revenues Surge; Construction Costs Mount.” http://www.ogj.com/articles/print/volume-112/issue-9/special-report-pipeline-economics/crude-oil-pipeline-growth-revenues-surge-construction-costs-mount.html
     
  8. Scientific American. “How Much Water Do Nations Consume?” M. Fischetti. 21 May, 2012. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/graphic-science-how-much-water-nations-consume/
     
  9. Torrent Engineering and Equipment. “Pipeline Volume Capacities.” http://www.torrentee.com/pdf/Pipe_Volume_Capacity_Table_Jun-02.pdf
     
  10. Government of Michigan. Water tank prices and data per gallon. https://www.michigan.gov/documents/Vol2-35UIP11Tanks_121080_7.pdf
     
  11. Lucid Energy Corp. “How it works.” http://lucidenergy.com/how-it-works/
     
  12. Lucid Energy Corp. “How it works.” http://lucidenergy.com/how-it-works/
     
  13. U.S. Climate Data. https://www.usclimatedata.com/
     
  14. Marlow Engineering. “Technical Data Sheet for EHBMS.” https://cdn2.hubspot.net/hubfs/547732/Data_Sheets/EHBMS.pdf
     
  15. Marlow Engineering. “Technical Data Sheet for EHBMS.” https://cdn2.hubspot.net/hubfs/547732/Data_Sheets/EHBMS.pdf
     
  16. Background reading on Ras Al-Khair Power and Desalination Plant. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ras_Al-Khair_Power_and_Desalination_Plant
     
  17. Background reading on Ras Al-Khair Power and Desalination Plant. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ras_Al-Khair_Power_and_Desalination_Plant
     
  18. Oxford Business Group. “Saudi Arabia Expands its Desalination Capacity.” No author or date provided. https://www.oxfordbusinessgroup.com/analysis/world-leader-efforts-under-way-expand-desalination-capacity
     
  19. The National magazine. “UAE’s Largest Power and Desalination Plant Opens at Jebel Ali.” C. Simpson. 9 April, 2013. https://www.thenational.ae/uae/uae-s-largest-power-and-desalination-plant-opens-at-jebel-ali-1.455481
     
  20. WaterWorld. “Dubai Opens UAE’s Largest Desalination Plant.” T. Freyberg. 9 April, 2013. http://www.waterworld.com/articles/2013/04/dubai-opens-uaes-largest-desalination-plant.html
     
  21. Power Engineering International. “Desalination: A First in Fujairah.” A. Hoel. 1 August, 2004. http://www.powerengineeringint.com/articles/print/volume-12/issue-8/features/desalination-a-first-in-fujairah.html
     
  22. Energy Information Administration. “Cost and Performance Characteristics of New Generating Technologies, Annual Energy Outlook 2017.” January, 2017.
    https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/aeo/assumptions/pdf/table_8.2.pdf
     
  23. General Electric. “Tour a Combined Cycle Power Plant.” https://powergen.gepower.com/resources/knowledge-base/combined-cycle-power-plant-how-it-works.html
     
  24. Background reading on overnight cost: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overnight_cost
     
  25. Department of Energy. “Current (2009) State-of-the-art Hydrogen Production Cost Estimate Using Water Electrolysis.” 9 September, 2009. https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/46676.pdf
     
  26. Background reading on factory gate price: http://www.investorwords.com/9656/factory_gate_price.html
     
  27. Energy Information Administration. Frequently Asked Questions. https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=23&t=10
     
  28. Background reading on energy density of gasoline: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_density
     
  29. Background reading on energy density of hydrogen: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_density
     
  30. Department of Energy. Scientific Analysis. “Techno-economic Analysis of PEM electrolysis for hydrogen production.” W. Colella. B. James. J. Moton. G. Saur. T. Ramsden. 27 February, 2014. https://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/08/f18/fcto_2014_electrolytic_h2_wkshp_colella1.pdf#p10